Light-ray-diffuser shade for lamps.



F. L'DO LE. LIGHT RAY DIFFUSER SHADE FOR LAMPS! APPLICATION FILED FEB- 23, I912.

1,199 v -.Patr 1ted 0ct.3,1916.

. 2 2E2 v I v i A 7 prfdg gzij FREDERICK J'. DOLE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR gOEONE-HALF T0 HAROLD D.

. PENNEY, OF PELHAM, NEW YORK.

LIGHT-RAY-DIFFUSER SHADE FOR LAMPS.

'ing power, while entirely doing away with are made of a totally opaque material, so

the objectionable and blinding glare of unshaded lamps.

The invention constitutes an improvement upon lamp shades such as set forth in Letters Patent Reissue No. 12,983, granted to 1-1., D. 'Penney et al. on June 29, 1909. In such device, a set of louvers is set forth, that that absolutely all ofthe rays that impinge upon these members and are not absorbed '25 are deflected upon the surface of the road, which is brightly illuminated for a short distance, while the lamp and shade are almost invisible, or at least, as has been found in practice, not sufficiently visible.

In the present invention, the louvers are made of-sucha material or materials and so arranged that, while the downwardly inclined light-rays are not materially affected,

" .;the horizontal and upwardly inclined rays are diffused into glow ra and while free from glare, are visible from a greatdistance and illuminate the adjacent road, objects,- and the atmosphere with a mild radiance, y .and which will serve to illuminate and not dazzle.

In' the accompanying drawlngs represent- I ingone embodiment of my invention, Figure -1 1s a front elevation of-the device, Fig. .2

\ is a' vertical section, and Fig. 3 is a view showin one of the louvers broken away at the mi dle. 1 4

. The device comprises a suitable frame or support member and a set or seriesof members extending across from side to side 1n the nature of louvers of long narrow-thin plates which are inclined transversely to [their width, and owing to their position and I the nature of the transverse material em- 'jployed, the light is diffused upon passage therethrough, and which, when viewed hori- Specification of Letters Patent.

zontally or from above, substantially com- Patented Oct. 3,1916;

Application filed February 23, 1912. Serial No. 879,445.

pletely-screen the lamps. The frame or sup port may be of any desired or suitable construction, and the louvers are referably supported at their extremities on y. louvers .aremade of any desired or suitable material that'is not opa ue (which has been found to obstruct a certain amount "of useful light rays and render the shade inadequate for roads where trees are low branching) or freely transparent which would not modify the glare, but is of a material of inter- These mediate light properties, what is'known as 1 translucent. Louvers so constructed of such material will permit the passage of diif used 7o horizontal rays and .cause the more distant f I surfaces of the road to 'be illuminated, as

well-as illuminating the atmosphere and ad jacent objects with a mild radiance, andthereby utilizing a greater portion of the total capacity of the lamps'than heretofore. Such'members may be madeof any suitable material embodying these properties, which material preferably is such as not to be af fected by the heat of such rays, or the heat radiating from the lamp. For instance the louvers could be constructed of mica, or of glass having a ground face or otherwise rendered translucent only, or of a form of celluloid .or like material that would not be injuriouslyaffected by heat, so that'horizo'm' tal and perpendicular light-rays will be difglass, by their ground faces.

As indicated in Fig. 3 the louver isforined fused by the louvers, or if they be made of ofsuperposed layers, that may be a layer out o the heat rays and prevent the' paper layer being injuriously affected and the paper. to diffuse rays perpen-- dicular thereto. These. louvers are supported preferably at their ends, extend.

across the lamp, and are inclined down- Wardly and so ofiset or spaced that some or most of the forward rays will impinge upon the louvers and permit unobstructed downward'passage upon the road surface of a certain portion of the light rays while upwardly inclined rays will be diffused, the

and there will be no glare. It will be observed that the rays passing downwardly shade will glow and be adequately visible. v

from the lamp will most of them pass be tweenthese members and hence not be oba bead 6 to strengthen the same. The frame is preferably made ofsheet metal and may be formed by the stamping method. To secure the louvers to the frame the support or rim may be provided on each of the two opposite sides with lugs or projections '7 and 8, to which the extremities of the louvers9 are secured by any suitable means, such as rivets '10 passing through apertures in the;

- ducting translucent material.

louvers and in the lugs.

The support or rim may made. a! portion of the lampframe.

Heretofore in order to comply with the ordinances requiring lamps of considerable brilliancy to have their glareentirely over:

come, it has been generally necessary to provide a translucent sheet extending entlrely across the front ofthe'lamp such as ground glass. But by thisarrangement, while the." i

' inclined downwardly, the louvers being of- ,translucent material and spaced apart to reglare is overcome, so much of the light is absorbed that very little illumination is pro.-

vided'infront of the lamp. The purpose of'the said reissue patentwas to overcome this glare by cutting off the upward rays and to deflect the forward rays upon the,

roadimmediately in front ,of' the lamp. But with the present invention the advantages of the said patented device are re.- tained, in that the illumination immediately in front of the lamp is not curtailed; while the rays that would beentirely obstructed W by its opaque louvers, are utilized to a great extent; they are diiiused by the translucent louvers which change the glare of unshaded lamps, or the obscurlty of lampswith opaque louvers, into a mildly radiant glow, visible from afar, and cause adjacent objects to be lighted with a mild radiance, thereby using a larger proportion of the light generate by the lamp than is possible in shades made of opaque or non-diffusing materials.

Having described my invention 1 claim? 1. A light-diffusing lamp shade adapted to be located transverse to a light axis of a lamp and to illuminate without glare, by permitting the passage of light rays in- 5 clined from said axis in a particular direcbe secured to a] lamp'in any suitable manner or if dGSlIZd shown aprojecting flange 12 is secured. to fi the rear side of the rim that may be caused! to telescope on the front of the lamp.

louvers made of flexible translucent material. 4

3.; A light-difi'using lamp shade adapted to be located transverse to a light axis of a lamp and to illuminate without glare, by permitting the passage of light rays inclined from said axis in a particular direction and diffusing other light rays from said lamp and comprising a frame adapted to be secured to a lamp and a series of parallel louvers made of flexible, non-heat-cont ln a 'lamp shade, a support provided "with'a series of lugs on each side, and a senes'of .louyers secured at their ends to said lugs to extend across one above the other and. inclined downwardly, the louvers bemg of translucent material and spaced apart to receive anddiifuse part of the rays from the lamp without affecting other of the lamp rays. 7 1 Y 5. Ina lamp shade, a support provided with a series oflugs on each side anda series of louvers secured at their ends to said lugs to extend across one above the other and.

ceive and difluse upward rays from the lamp while permitting passage of substantially all of the downward rays.

' 6.. In a lamp shade, asuppOrt provided .with a series oflugs on each side, and a series of louvers secured at their ends to said lugs to extend across one above the other and inclined downwardly, the louvers being of translucent material and spaced apart to ,receive and difi'use the upward rays from [the downward rays.

r 7 In a lamp shade, a circular rim provided with a set of integral lugs on each side,

and a series of louvers se'curedat their ends to said lugs to extend across oneabove the other and inclined downwardly, the louvers being of translucent material and spaced apart to receive and diffuse part ofthe rays 'from the lamp without affecting the lamp rays.

8. In a lampshade, a circular rim provided witha set of integral lugs on each side, and a series of louvers secured at their ends to said lugs to extend across one above the other of other and inclined downwardly, the louvers being of translucent material and spaced apart to receive and diffuse upward rays from the lamp while permitting passage of substantially all of the downward rays.

9. In a lamp shade, a circular rim provided with a set of integral lugs on each side, and a series of louvers secured at their ends to said lugs to extend across one above the other and inclined downwardly, the louvers being of translucent material and spaced apart to receive and diffuse the upward rays from the lamp and some of the forward rays while permitting passage of substantially all'of the downward rays.

10. In a lamp shade, a circular rim provided with a series of integral lugs on each side, and a set of offset louvers of translucent material secured at their ends to said lugs. v

11. In a lamp shade, a metallic support provided with a series of integral lugs on each side, and a set of louvers secured at their ends to said lugs, the louvers being. of translucent material and spaced apart to receive and difluse a part only of the rays from the lamp.

12. A light-diffusing lamp shade adapted to be located transverse to a light axis of a lamp and to illuminate Without glare, by

permitting the passage of light rays inclined from said axis in a particular direction and diifusing other light rays from said lamp and comprising a frame adapted to be secured to a lamp and a series of parallel louvers inclined to and substantially conterminous parallel to said axis and made of flexible. translucent material.

13. A light-diffusing lamp shade adapted to be located transverse to a light axis of a lamp and to illuminate Without glare, by

permitting the passage of light rays inclined from said axis in a particular direction and difl'using other light rays from said lamp and comprising a frame adapted to be secured to a lamp and a series of parallel louvers inclined to said axis, and made of flexible translucent material.

' 14. A light-diffusing lamp shade adapted to be located transverse to a light axis of a lamp and to illuminate without glare, by

permitting the passage of light rays inclined from said axis in a particular direction and diffusing other light rays from said lamp and comprising a frame adapted to be secured to a lamp and a series of parallel louvers inclined with and substantially conterminous parallel with said axis and made with smooth backs of flexible, non-heatdiffusing other light rays from said lamp and comprising a frame adapted to be sev cured to a lamp and a series of parallel louvers made of celluloid.

16. The combination with a lamp of the class described, of a plurality of louvers superposed one above the other in substantially the same plane at the front of said lamp, each composed of flexible translucent material for diffusing certain of the light rays from such lamp.

17. A light-diflusing lamp-shade adapted to be located transverse to the light axis of a' lamp to, permit the passage of light rays inclined from said axis in a particular direction, and difi'using other light rays from said lamp, said shade being adapted to be secured to alamp at the front thereof, and comprising a series of louvers superposed one above the other in substantially the same plane, eachmade of flexible translucent material.

18. A light-diffusing lamp shade adapted to be located transverse to a light axis of a permitting the passage of light rays inclined from'said axis in a particular direction and diffusing other light rays from said lamp and comprising a frame adapted to be secured to a lamp and to a series of parallel louvers made of flexible non-heat-conducting material. 5

' FREDERICK J; DOLE.

Y Witnesses:

H. D. PENNEY JOHN MORRIS. 

